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APA Citation Guide

American Psychological Association (APA) style is commonly used for citing references in science and social science courses, such as Psychology and Social Work.This guide is based on the APA Manual (7th ed.).

An article in a journal

Author's name. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal title, volume number(issue), pages.

Example:   Mellers, B.A. (2001).  Choice and the relative pleasure of consequences. Psychological

                     Bulletin, 126(1), 919-924.

Cited in text: (Mellers, 2001)

Journal article, 3-5 authors

Three authors names. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal Title, volume(issue), pages. 

Example: Bernardon, S., Babb, K.A., Hakim-Larson, J. & Gragg, M. (2011). Loneliness, attachment,

                        and the perception and use of social support in university students. Canadian

                        Journal of Behavioural Science43(1), 40-51.

Cited in text: (Bernardon, Babb, Hakim-Larson, & Gragg, 2011) [first usage]

    (Bernardon et al., 2011) [following uses]

Journal article, 6 or more authors

First six authors names, et al. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal title, volume number, pages.

Example: Saywitz, K. J., Mannarino, A.P., Berliner, L., Cohen, J.A., Harris, M., Karper, E., et.al.

                 (2000). Treatment for sexually abused children and adolescents. American Psychologist,

                 55, 1040-49.

Cited in text: (Saywitz et al., 2000) [all uses in text]

Case study

Note: APA does not have specific guidelines for citing a case study, so citing it depends on whether it is a separate publication or appeared in a journal or book. If it is a separate publication, cite it as a book:

Example: Cespedes, F., Galford, R., Bonsignore, F.N., Buck, M.L., Younger, J., & Leppert, T. (2004). 

Succession and failure [Case study]. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Publishing. 

Cited in text: (Cespedes et al., 2004)

Note: If the case study appears in a journal or in a book, cite it as you would a journal article or chapter in a book. If the case study can only be found online, and it appears as a separate document on the website, cite it as you would a web document. 

Magazine article

Author or authors name. (Date of publication, showing the year, month and date). Article title.

         Magazine title,volume number, page numbers.

Example: Kandle, E.R., & Squire, L.R. (2002, November 10). Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific

                   barriers to the study of brain and mind. Science, 290, 1113-1120.

Cited in text: (Kandel & Squire, 2002)

Daily newspaper, no author

Article title. (Date of publication, showing year, month and date). Name of newspaper, Page

      numbers preceded by p. or pp.

Example: New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The

                   Washington Post, p. A12.

Cited in text: ("New drug," 1993)